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April 6, 2020
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How Much Is Data Worth? The Value of Your Personal Data

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Permission
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Personal data has value. Facebook and Google harvest billions from it through advertising. Talented hackers make a handsome living from stealing and selling it. The profits of credit score companies ride on the back of it.

And, unless you are very young or very unusual, you have terabytes of it on your devices or floating around in the cloud.

But how much your data actually worth? To get some idea, let’s examine the value of some of the personal data for the average US Joe or Jane.

Your Data Value as an Advertising Target

Consider the price advertisers pay to try to catch your eye. Facebook, Google, and other digital ad brokers use your data for targeting. They capture your behavior and your consumer profile (your preferences, lifestyle, stage of life, and various other attributes).

Facebook prospers from the fact that it knows a great deal about its users — its average US user spends about 40 minutes a day on the site, enhancing that knowledge. Facebook regularly runs batteries of statistical algorithms to match users with the products advertisers wish to promote.

In 2017, the average cost per click for an online Facebook ad was $1.72 — a premium price that stems from the mountainous variety of data it can dissect and evaluate.

Google, the other giant of the digital domain, cannot match Facebook in this area, but more than compensates for it with Google Adwords, which, with an 80% share of the US market, dominates search advertising.

According to Wordstream, in 2017, the average cost per Google AdWords click was $2.32. Naturally, some clicks cost much more than that. The price is fixed by auction, so it varies with demand. The price for adwords for legal services, for example, can rise above $50 per click. Nice work if you can get it.

If we take the total US revenues from digital advertising in 2017, about $83 billion, and divide it by the population of US Internet users (roughly 287 million) you get the digital ad revenue per average Joe or Jane.

It works out to be $289.19 per annum.

This is an average, so if you do many product searches or frequently click on website ads, your total will be higher — especially if you often seek legal services.

Your Data Value to Hackers

Another way to look at the value of personal data is from the thief’s perspective. Data thieves usually steal personal data so they can sell it on the Dark Web to other thieves. If it wasn’t worth much they wouldn’t bother.

The bare details of a credit card (name, card number, expiry date) are not worth much. But if you add in the owner’s address and email, then it’s worth somewhere between $20-$25.

That has a similar market value to a driver’s license. So one debit card, two credit cards, and a driver’s license, plus your email and physical address command a price of $100 (more details here).

Passwords can be valuable. Your Netflix password (if you have one) is worth about $3.00. Your Spotify password comes in at about $2.80. A password that walks you into a bank account with a balance in the region of $2,000 commands a price of $100. For a balance of $15,000 or more, think in terms of $1,000.

A complete medical record can fetch the same $1,000 price, although, like the bank account, the value depends on what it contains. Such details can be sold to insurance companies or even used for blackmail, but the less it contains, the less value it will command.

It’s difficult to estimate an average value for passwords and personal credentials. But if you include a collection of passwords for a bank account, a savings account, add in a few credit or debit cards, a driving license, and a passport and assume just an average medical record, we are probably looking at $300, minimum.

Your Data Value as a Credit Score

In 2016, Equifax made a healthy gross profit on revenues of just over $3.1 billion — the year before it managed to compromise the personal financial data of 147 million Americans.

Credit scoring is a profitable business, as both Experian (annual revenues of $4.55 bn) and TransUnion (annual revenues of $1.7 bn) can attest.

Roughly a quarter of those global revenues flow from the tens of thousands of companies that are interested in the creditworthiness of about 235 million Americans. The data that Equifax, Experian and TransUnion present to those companies is your personal financial data, gathered, aggregated, and analyzed without so much as a “by you leave”.

Do the math and you’ll discover that they make about $10 per annum from the average Joe or Jane.

Let’s Examine the Personal Data Inventory

What is the inventory of your personal data?

It is probably more extensive than you think. It consists of basic contact details (name, address, telephone, email) and official credentials that prove who you are, such as a birth certificate, driver’s license, passport, social security number, and so on.

To this, we can add personal interests, hobbies, and preferences; data that will interest advertisers and retailers. There’s financial information; bank accounts, debit and credit cards, investments and insurances, and nowadays, crypto wallets.

There is also personal history, such as previous addresses, phone numbers, educational records, transcripts, employment records, certifications, and criminal records.

And let’s not forget your personal history of buying and selling things.

There is your health data: current records, medical events, doctors’ reports, lab results, current pharmaceuticals taken (if any).

We can also include any memberships of associations or groups of any kind, such as sports clubs, retail warehouses, air miles programs, political affiliations, and so on.

We also need to include all the digital permissions you manage: login details that provide access to websites, software applications, or digital services such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, and so on.

To this, we can add ownership data, deeds, titles, provenance, appraisals, and other documents that relate to physical possessions such as a house, car, antiques, etc.

Then there are your actual digital possessions: emails sent and received, text files, videos, music, sound recordings, and any other data files.

Last, but by no means least, are your personal digital tracks — the full history of your digital activities.

Federico Zannier’s Experiment

To get a handle on the value of your digital tracks, consider an interesting experiment conducted by Federico Zannier, an alumnus of New York University and an experienced IT consultant.

Zannier decided to sell his personal digital tracks for $2 per day over one month using Kickstarter.

The data included was: the text of every web page he visited, regular screenshots of his PC activity with timestamps, a folder of webcam photos taken every 30 seconds, a log of all PC application activity (open and close times), browser activity including searches, personal geolocation, and PC mouse movements.

Federico guessed he’d earn about $500 from his one-month data sale, but exceeded that target more than fivefold. He raked in $2,733!

As with all other categories of data we have already discussed, different people would definitely command different prices for their digital tracks. The digital tracks of an A list celebrity would surely command a higher price than Federico’s and those of the average Joe or Jane, far less.

Nevertheless, they are probably worth about $1,000, per annum.

In Summary

To determine an accurate average value for US personal data would demand much more research than we have done here.

Nevertheless, given the data we have discussed and the extensive nature of an individual’s data resource, it is likely that, on average, the personal data of a US resident is worth somewhere in the region of $2,000 — $3,000 per year.

The question is: How to monetize it?

Hint: You might like to volunteer to sign up at Permission.io, create an account, install the Permission Browser Extension, and earn from your data that way.

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Your ASK Wallet, Now Powered by Coinbase

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We've partnered with Coinbase to bring best-in-class wallet technology to our community.

Today we're updating the technology that powers your ASK wallet. Here's what's changing, what it means for you, and what stays exactly the same.

What's changing

We've moved your Permission wallet to Coinbase's platform. What that means in plain language is this: starting today, you are in full control of your ASK. When you click to send, redeem, or manage your balance, the transaction happens from your account, signed by your login. We no longer hold your wallet keys. Coinbase does, on your behalf, under your authority.

We chose Coinbase's embedded wallet specifically because it brings institutional-grade security to our users without requiring you to manage anything yourself. The infrastructure is Coinbase's. The wallet is yours.

Beyond the custody change, our users now have a wallet that can go wherever they go: exportable, cross-chain ready, and backed by a platform that serves millions of people around the world. We're proud to bring that to our community.

What it means to control your own keys

As Permission has grown, we felt strongly that your funds should be held by a platform built specifically for that purpose, with the security standards and regulatory rigor that come with it. Moving to Coinbase's embedded wallet reflects that commitment.

With today's change, Coinbase secures your private key inside their systems, and only your Permission login can authorize transactions. When you click to send or redeem ASK, the transaction is authorized by you, through your login. We are no longer part of that process.

What this means practically: your wallet operates on its own, independent of Permission. Treat your Permission login like you would a bank password. It is now the key to your wallet. If you ever want to take your wallet entirely outside of Permission, Coinbase supports key export and that option is yours.

What Coinbase sees

Because Coinbase is now part of the infrastructure, your email address, account identifier, and wallet information are shared with them for the purpose of operating the wallet. For details on how Coinbase handles this data, you can review their embedded wallet documentation and their privacy information.

For how Permission handles your data, our Terms of Use and our Privacy Policy govern that relationship, as they always have.

What stays the same

Everything you experience in the app. Earning ASK, redeeming it, transferring it, viewing your balance, managing your family. None of that changes.

And, what does change, we're excited about: key export, cross-chain support, and institutional-grade security. These are capabilities that would have taken years to build in-house and that Coinbase has spent that time perfecting. We chose to partner with the best-in-class, and our product and users will be better for it.

If you have questions, support is always here.

The Permission Team 🤝

What Is Family Friendly AI™?

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Only 15% of people globally say they trust AI systems, and 72% of parents are concerned about AI’s impact on their children.

AI is quickly becoming part of everyday family life, but Big Tech wasn’t built with families in mind. Family Friendly AI is technology intentionally designed for families, giving parents visibility into their children’s digital lives, guidance when they need it, and tools to encourage positive behavior.

5 Things That Make AI Family Friendly

1. Your family owns its data.

‍Your family’s data is never sold. It belongs to your family, and you stay in control of it.

2. Parents know what’s happening online.

‍Family Friendly AI gives parents visibility into their children’s digital lives, helping them fully understand how their children use and interact with technology.

3. It motivates children with rewards and incentives.

‍Parents can set rewards and incentives to encourage positive behaviors and help their children build better habits around technology and beyond.

4. It gives parents coaching and inspiration.

‍Parenting in a digital world comes with challenges that screen-time limits alone can’t help with. Family Friendly AI gives parents personalized AI-insights and guidance to help them navigate what their children are doing online and decide what to do next.

5. It earns families' trust.

‍Technology for families should have a higher bar. The companies building it should stand behind it with an unconditional, no-questions-asked money-back guarantee.

It’s time for AI, crypto, and the technology shaping our children’s lives to meet the family-friendly standard.

Big Tobacco Had Its Reckoning. Now It’s Big Tech’s Turn.

Aug 12th, 2026
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The floodgates are open.

Thousands of lawsuits are moving forward. States are writing new rules for kids online. And lawmakers are beginning to tell AI companies what they can and cannot do when children use their products.

And you don't have to look far to see it happening...

The courts: 3,000+ lawsuits get the green light

On August 10, the Ninth Circuit allowed more than 3,000 lawsuits against Meta, Google/YouTube, TikTok and Snap to move forward.

The cases allege that the companies deliberately designed features of their platforms to be addictive, particularly for young users.

The tech companies had argued that Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act protected them from the claims. The court rejected their attempt to use Section 230 to stop the litigation at this stage, finding that it provides a defense rather than immunity from being sued.

At their core, these cases are allegations about the platforms themselves: how they were designed, how they kept people engaged, and what responsibility the companies bear for the consequences.

The companies will still have the opportunity to defend themselves against those allegations.

But with more than 3,000 cases now getting the chance to be heard, this is getting harder to argue away.

New Jersey: families get a way to enforce the rules

One day later, New Jersey Governor Mikie Sherrill signed the New Jersey Kids Code Act into law.

The law establishes new design and privacy requirements for covered online services likely to be accessed by minors. Among other provisions, it requires high privacy settings by default, restricts certain push notifications, prohibits dark patterns for minors, limits how children's personal data can be used and retained, and places restrictions on targeted advertising.

But one provision in particular changes the accountability equation: a private right of action.

An individual under 18 who is injured by a violation can bring a claim under the law, with statutory damages of $5,000 per violation. Parents may also bring an action on a minor's behalf.

Which is legal language for something pretty simple: families don't have to wait around for a regulator to act. They can take companies to court themselves.

Colorado: AI safety starts becoming a legal requirement

Then there's Colorado.

Earlier this year, Governor Jared Polis signed Colorado HB 26-1263, establishing specific requirements for operators of conversational AI services.

And this one is worth paying attention to because the law doesn't simply tell AI companies to "keep kids safe." It starts defining what that actually means.

Operators must estimate users' ages. When dealing with minors, the law requires recurring disclosures that they are interacting with AI rather than a person and establishes protections around sexually explicit interactions.

It also addresses one of the most unsettling questions surrounding companion-style AI: emotional dependence.

The law requires safeguards designed to prevent conversational AI from producing statements that simulate emotional dependence. It also requires protocols for responding to suicidal ideation and self-harm, privacy and account-management tools for minors and parents or guardians, and reporting requirements intended to help regulators evaluate whether those safeguards are actually working.

The law takes effect January 1, 2027.

For companies building conversational AI, that's a meaningful shift. Child safety is moving beyond a set of voluntary guardrails companies write for themselves. In Colorado, some of those guardrails are becoming law.

It's no coincidence that this is all happening at once.

Big Tobacco didn't wake up one morning and discover the world had changed its mind. The reckoning came piece by piece, until lawsuits became regulation and an industry that had spent decades setting its own standards was finally forced to take responsibility for the harm its products caused.

We're watching that shift happen again.

For years, the responsibility for keeping kids safe online has fallen on parents.

Set the parental controls. Check the privacy settings. Watch the screen time. Know which apps they're using. Figure out who they're talking to. Keep up with every new platform, algorithm and now AI chatbot entering their lives.

All while the technology on the other side of the screen gets more sophisticated by the month.

Now courts and lawmakers are starting to ask the companies building that technology a much more uncomfortable question:

If children are using your products, what are you doing to keep them safe?

For families, that's the shift that matters most.

This isn't another round of false promises to "do better."

This is legislation. These are lawsuits. This is accountability beginning to have teeth.

Parents will always have the role of protecting their children online. We happen to believe they should have far more visibility and control over the technology entering their families' lives, not less.

But parents cannot be the entire safety system.

The law is making clear that the companies designing the products, writing the algorithms and building the AI our kids interact with have a responsibility, too.

And when they fail to meet it, they'll finally be held accountable.

ChatGPTs Births A Parenting Tool That Needs Some Image Repair

Aug 4th, 2026
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Sam Altman keeps pitching AI as a co-parent. The reason parents aren't buying isn't nostalgia, it's the lawsuits.

Last Friday, Sam Altman had an idea he was excited about. Hook your family calendar up to ChatGPT, tell it what your kids are into, and every morning on the drive to school it'll produce a little podcast: one kid's soccer game that afternoon, another kid's birthday coming up, maybe some news. He called it a "cool use case."

What should’ve felt really innovative, landed like the opening scene of a bleak dystopian movie. Two kids in the back, one parent up front, and a smooth synthetic voice narrating, to everyone present, the lives of everyone present. "Later today, Maya has soccer." Maya, who has soccer, looks out the window. Nobody says anything, because the podcast is saying it for them.

The internet population caught what we caught. The reply that stuck came from Alex Hirsch, creator of Disney’s Animated series, Gravity Falls. It was seven poignant words: "What if you just talked to your children?" That was the entire rebuttal, and it traveled a great deal further than the thing it was rebutting. Altman's post drew somewhere around 9,600 likes. Hirsch's reply cleared 120,000. On the CEO's own platform, the crowd took a vote, and the crowd chose the small talk.

Now, we want to be fair here, because the easy thing is to dunk and move on. But we’re parents here at Permission and anyone who has done the 7:40 a.m. drive on four hours of sleep, refereeing a backseat dispute about who touched whom first, knows the exact fantasy of a button that handles the morning. That instinct isn't a character flaw. It's a Tuesday.

But this wasn't a one-off. Altman has been quietly auditioning AI for the co-parent role for a while now. On The Tonight Show in December 2025 he said he couldn't imagine having to "raise a newborn without ChatGPT" then added that people had managed the trick for a few hundred thousand years without it. Also, last year, in a podcast hosted by Andrew Mayne, Altman admitted that people might form “problematic parasocial relationships” to a chatbot. (You know, the one-sided kind that we usually reserve for celebrities we've never met.) He sees the hazards clearly. He's pitching the product anyway.

When visibility turns into vulnerability.

The reason parents flinched at the idea of carpooling with a chatbot for school drop off isn't that they're allergic to convenience. It's that the company making the offer is, right now, being sued by multiple families who say its chatbot played a role in their loved ones' spiraling delusions and, in the worst cases, their deaths. OpenAI says it is continually improving how its models handle sensitive conversations, and that work genuinely matters. But you can see the problem. "Let me into your calendar, your commute, and your kids personal details" is a big ask from anyone. It is a much bigger ask from a company currently explaining itself in court.

Trust isn't a feature you ship in the next update. It's something people hand you slowly, and take back all at once.

Here's where we should admit an interest. We build Permission on a belief that sounds boring until you sit with it: your data belongs to you. With Permission your kids’ browsing history doesn’t get shipped out to the open internet. Not to a model, not to a growth chart, not to whoever posts the next cool use case. And the closer AI creeps toward our kids (and it is creeping, because kids are already asking it everything) the more one question starts to outrank all the others:

Where is the line between parenting and outsourcing parenting?

Because "parenting tool" is doing a lot of quiet work in that phrase. A tool is a hammer. It lives in a drawer, it does one honest thing, and it does not ask to read your child's messages or move into the family calendar. When a company calls its chatbot a "parenting tool," it's worth asking, gently, which word they mean. The tool part, or the parenting part.

We happen to think AI can be genuinely, unglamorously useful to families. Not by doing the talking for you, but by handing you the context you'd otherwise miss instead of a thousand panicked notifications, and then getting out of the way so you can make the call. That's a real distinction, and it deserves its own piece.

So take this as Part One: the news, the flinch, and the reason the flinch is earned. In Part Two, we'll make the harder and more hopeful argument that you can let AI help you parent without completely handing over your family secrets. There is a version of this where the grown-ups stay in charge. We think it's the only version worth building.

For now, the seven best words anyone has offered on the whole affair still belong to Hirsch. So we'll give him the last one, too.

What if you just talked to your children?

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